Unveiling the journey of Foldable Displays
Introduction
Foldable or flexible displays have emerged as a flexible and innovative alternative to traditional flat screen displays in electronic devices. Over the years, consumer electronics manufacturers have shown a keen interest in integrating this technology into e-readers, mobile phones, and other devices.
Early Concepts and Prototypes
The concept of flexible displays took its first steps with the development of flexible electronic paper (e-paper) displays. Xerox PARC played a pioneering role in 1974 when Nicholas K. Sheridon, a PARC employee, created the first flexible e-paper display.
flexible e-paper display |
Advancements at ASU and HP
In 2005, Arizona State University (ASU) established the ASU Flexible Display Center (FDC), dedicated to research on flexible displays. In partnership with Hewlett Packard (HP), ASU demonstrated a prototype flexible e-paper display in 2008. Despite some limitations, this development sparked further interest in commercial applications.
Plastic Logic's Innovations
Plastic Logic, another player in the field, developed and manufactured monochrome plastic flexible displays in different sizes using its proprietary organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) technology. These displays, known for being "unbreakable," found applications in signage, wearable devices, and automotive and mobile devices.
Organic User Interfaces and Human Media Lab
In 2004, Queen's University's Human Media Lab in Canada created the first Organic User Interface (OUI) with "PaperWindows," a bendable paper computer. Collaborating with ASU's Flexible Display Center, they introduced the "PaperPhone," the first flexible smartphone with a flexible electrophoretic display in 2010.
Interest from Sony, Nokia, and Samsung
Companies like Sony, Nokia, and Samsung also explored the potential of flexible displays in their products. Nokia introduced the "Morph" concept mobile phone, showcasing the potential of flexible video displays in consumer electronics. Samsung, in particular, made significant progress, culminating in the release of its Galaxy Fold foldable smartphone in 2019.
Continued Developments
Arizona State University's Flexible Display Center continued its efforts to advance flexible displays, producing the world's largest flexible OLED display using thin-film transistor (TFT) technology.
3D-printed flexible OLED display prototype |
Xiaomi's Foldable Smartphone
Chinese manufacturer Xiaomi showcased a foldable smartphone prototype in 2019. The device featured a large foldable display that curved inwards on both sides, providing a unique and versatile user interface.
Xiaomi Mi MIX FOLD |
Conclusion
From the early concepts and prototypes to the participation of pioneering companies, this journey has laid the foundation for a new era in consumer electronics. As we stand on the cusp of even more exciting possibilities, one thing is certain: foldable displays will continue to shape the future, redefining the way we interact with our devices and unlocking unprecedented levels of convenience and functionality. The journey of innovation is far from over, and we eagerly await the next chapter in the unfolding story of foldable displays.